Nncam and follower mechanism pdf

This indicates change of the flat face of roller follower to a curved face roller follower mechanism results in low frictional losses due point contact which results in improved in mechanical efficiency of. Accordingly the design quality of motion curves influences the transmission. Computer aided kinematic and dynamic analysis of cam and follower. How cam and follower mechanisms work bright hub engineering. The input is from the rotating cam and the output is described by the movement of the reciprocating followers.

Cam and follower design basics design of cam profiles. Knief edge follower, roller follower, spherical follower, flat faced follower. Build a cam and cam follower mechanism adding a cam to your mechanism is another important requirement when you design and build going packaging machines. The driver is called the cam and the driven member is called the follower. Cams can provide unusual and irregular motions that may be impossible with the other types of mechanisms. In the cam follower with seals, a special thrust washer is employed for the sliding surface inside the bearing to improve heatseizure resistance. With the rotation of the cam, the follower the shaft with the roller at bottom in the above picture gets oscillated or translated according to the profile of the cam. Lubrication and frictional analysis of camroller follower mechanisms. It is normally connected with a prime mover, which rotates it. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Analysis and simulation of cam follower mechanism using. Mechanical engineeringtheory of machines important mcq pdf.

Types of cam and followersbasic of theory of machine. This introduces a little bit about inverse kinematics, and a little on motion design with motiondesigner. The cams are usually rotated at uniform speed by a shaft, but the follower motion is predetermined and will be according to the shape of the cam. Disc cam with reciprocating follower having knife edge. This paper seeks to provide a systematic and straightforward approach for the numerical analysis of planar cam follower mechanisms. A cam is a rotating or sliding piece in a mechanical linkage used especially in transforming. Unit iii kinematics of cam mechanisms introduction a cam is a mechanical device used to transmitmotion to a follower by direct contact. Types of cam and followers basic of theory of machine a cam is a rotating machine element which gives reciprocating or oscillating motion to another element known as follower.

The cam and follower mechanism are widely used in automobile industry. Cam and followers are mainly used to transfer rotory motion cam into reciprocating of oscillating motion of follower. It is the surface area of a cam where follower touches. Numerical analysis of planar cam follower mechanisms.

In this present work displacement, velocity and acceleration. Use of the vap function in the design of camfollower mechanisms. A familiar example is the camshaft of an automobile engine, where the cams drive the push. Each mechanism is a sixbar linkage consisting of a slider, which is. The transformation of one of the simple motions, such as rotation, into any other motions is often conveniently accomplished by means of a cam mechanism a cam mechanism usually consists of two moving elements, the cam and the follower, mounted on a fixed frame.

Cam devices are versatile, and almost any arbitrarilyspecified motion can be obtained. Lets say you need to make a bot which sows seeds in a farm. Labyrinth sealing also ensures maintenancefree operation. From now we will term cam and follower mechanism as cam. From this example some more general considerations are drawn. The cam and camshaft later appeared in mechanisms by aljazari and. Simulation model of cam follower mechanism with 345 polynomial cam profile. The follower arm swings or oscillates in a circular arc with respect to the follower pivot. Rbc produces metric cam followers where volume permits.

Nov 25, 2014 a project report on cam follower utility in internal combustion engine 1. A cam follower, also known as a track follower,1 is a specialized type of roller or needle bearing designed to follow cams. The driveris called the cam and the driven member is called the follower. This analysis is an important step for fixing an optimum size of a cam and. The equations for governing motion of the follower have been taken from the literature. Cam and follower mechanism and their types mechanicalmaster. I used photos posted by him quite extensively in this document and the process as a general guide with some notations. As the cam rotates, the follower rises and falls in a process known as reciprocating motion. Path andor one or more of its derivates are carefully specified. A four degreeoffreedom model is used to evaluate the mechanism performance when different basic control strategies are applied. Instead of an inner ring, they have a threaded solid stud pin.

Cam mechanism a mechanism that usually consists of two moving parts a cam and tappet and a fixed part the support. Cam profile is improved such that the follower lift curve matches a desired polynomial equation at the desired design speed given the cam. A cam or eccentric when combined with a follower, forms a mechanism which is technically called cam follower or eccentric follower. Cam follower mechanisms, dynamic analysis, kinematic analysis, vap function. Optimization and a reliability analysis of a camroller. There is no simple way to calculate this and a graphical method should be used.

The main purpose of the work presented in this paper was to study the kinematic and dynamic of motion characteristics of the cam follower mechanism of the cutting file machine. A teaching tool for design and analysis of cam and follower. Kinematic and dynamic study of camfollower mechanism of. They are also used in paper cutting machines and weaving textile machinery. The cam converts rotary motion of one element into reciprocating linear motion or into oscillatory motion. I would like to thank bj mcgee for posting the original photos and providing the stepbystep instructions on how to replace the cam follower. Cam may be rotating or reciprocating while a follower may be rotating, reciprocating and oscillating.

However, the manufacturing of cams is expensive and the wear effect due to the contact stresses is a disadvantage. Dimensionless design approach to translating flat faced follower. Cam followers come in a vast array of different configurations, however the most defining characteristic is how the cam follower mounts to its mating part. Introduction for their advantage of obtaining different types of movements, cam follower mechanisms find applications in a wide variety of mechanical means, such as printing presses, machine tools, textile machines, automobile engines and so on. On the runningin behavior of camfollower mechanism. The motion of the follower is restricted to a predetermined pattern by a guide. Eccentric type cam followers in these bearings, an eccentric collar is assembled. In a cam follower pair, the cam normally rotates while the follower may translate or oscillate. A threedimensional entity model of the cam cutting mechanism with oscillating follower is built, and dynamic simulation and prototype testing are conducted on this model. Norton, design of machinery introduction to cam design.

This has the end result of converting rotation to linear motion. Rodriguez me3070 10 cam follower introduction to cams a cam follower mechanism is a linkage in which a contoured shape cam acts as a crank to directly drive a slider or rocker. Types cam followers are available in the standard types shown in table 1. The cam follower is a compact bearing with a highrigidity shaft and a builtin needle bearing. A cam is a mechanical device used to transmit motion to a follower by direct contact. The cam and the follower is one of the simplest as well as one of the most important mechanisms found in modern. After the analysis, they concluded that the hyperbolical and globoidal surfaces are suitable for the roller follower mechanism. Mechanism philosophy, a theory that all natural phenomena can be explained by physical causes. Patel me scholar, department of mechanical engineering, north maharashtra university, jalgaon abstract the objective of this paper is to modelling design and analysis of a cam and follower. Note how the different shapes of cams produce different motions in the follower even though all the mechanism configurations have the cam rotating at the same speed. The cam is the driver member and the follower is the driven member.

In the camfollower mechanism, the slotted bar rotates with a constant angular velocity. They are based on either needle or cylindrical roller bearings. Mechanism biology, explaining how a feature is created. Computer aided kinematic and dynamic analysis of cam and. This mechanism is very important in modern day engineering to incorporate a system with controlled movement. Follower can translate or oscillate spring is used to maintain the contact between cam and follower classification of followers 1. Mechanism engineering, rigid bodies connected by joints in order to accomplish a desired force and or motion transmission. The rise is the motion of the follower away from the cam center, dwell is the. Solved problems based on cam profiles engineering tutorials. Types of cams and followers august 20, 2018 admin 2 comments. Valve actuation in ic engines motion control in machinery force generation precise positioning. Further conducted using promechanism in order to show that the.

Tushar kiran et al analysis and simulation of cam follower mechanism using polynomial cam profile 214 int. The cams and follower combination is mostly used in internal combustion engines for operating inlet and exhaust valves, machine tools, printing control mechanism so on. According to the path of motion of the follower terms used in cams. The camfollower mechanism plays an important role in applications such as internal combustion engines, printing control mechanisms, and. Introduction of cams and types of cam and followers. The cam rotates with the cam shaft, usually at constant angular velocity, while the follower moves up and down as controlled by the cam surface. Design of cam mechanism with negative radius rollerfollower. Synthesis of cam profile based on desired movement program desired movement program usually is the diagram of acceleration figure 2 and maximal displacement of the follower l s max. In the proposed approach, conjugate surface theory is employed to derive. The cam and the follower have a line contact and constitute a higher pair.

The scheme of cam follower me hafig 1 shows the scheme of a cam follower mechanism. The mechanism for cam and the mechanism for follower depend upon each other so that the main mechanism of cam and follower. An optimum design of cam mechanisms with roller follower for. The cam and follower mechanism is widely used for operating the inlet and exhaust valves of internal combustion engines. Cam followers stud type track rollers without seal with seal 1. Cam mechanisms are widely used because with them, different types of motion can be possible.

It is concluded that the camfollower mechanism designed with the vap function has smaller input torques, as well as. The use of a cam and follower mechanism is prevalent in industrial machines. Cam follower nominal life the basic static load rating c 0 refers to the static load with constant direction and magnitude, under which the calculated contact stress in the center of the contact area between the roller and the raceway under the maximum load is 4000 mpa. Cam and follower mechanism is preferred over a wide variety of internal combustion engines because due to the cam and follower it is possible to obtain an unlimited variety of motions. Vibrations of cam mechanisms eindhoven university of. Most suitable as a guide roller for cam mechanisms and linear motion of automated machines and dedicated machines. Gravity keeps the follower in contact with the cam as it rotates, however the rod that is attached to the follower is constrained by the bearing, so it can only move up and down. A computational approach for cam size optimization of disc camfollower mechanisms with translating roller followers article pdf available in journal of mechanisms and robotics 54. Solution the equivalent mechanism for the cam mechanism given is the simple. Numerical analysis of cam follower mechanism and effect of. Heres how the mechanism works the axle or shaft rotates, as does the cam which is attached to it. The coordinates of the visualized cam contour coordinates can be used in the cnc milling machine for the production of the real cam.

Computer aided kinematic analysis and simulation of the cam follower mechanism m v ingalkar 1 and c r patil corresponding author. The objective of a cam or eccentric is to give a reciprocating motion of a specified character to a part of a mechanism, called follower. Pdf optimal design of a cam mechanism with translating. Optimal design of a cam mechanism with translating flatface follower using genetic algorithm article pdf available in tribology in industry 354. Analysis and usage of cams and their followers engineering essay. Vibrations of cam mechanisms and their consequences on the design.

It is concluded that the cam follower mechanism designed with the vap function has smaller input torques, as well as lower pressure angles, than the one designed with harmonic function and that the one with 4567 polynomial function. Mina hoorfar, university of british columbia okanagan. Research article cam follower mechanism simulation. A familiar application of a cam mechanism is in the opening and closing of valves in an automotive engine. One response to kinematics of the cam follower mechanism. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page. What is cam and follower types of followers explained. Oct 11, 2016 a cam and follower mechanism is to convert one form of motion to other usually rotary to linear and vice versa.

The cam 2 rotates counterclockwise at a constant angular velocity of 2 radsec. The mechanism of cam and follower is essential in the engineering field and has many different functions to the different machines. Type of cams, type of followers, displacement, velocity and acceleration time curves for cam profiles. What are the applications of different types of cam followers. The actual profile must then be reduced as shown to be tangential to the roller at every point. A cam follower forms higher pair as they have point contact at the junction. What are the applications of cam and follower in robotics. From now we will term cam and follower mechanism as cam only for understanding. If the mass and velocity of the follower as m1 and v1, and the cam mass velocity as m2 and v2 respectively. Angle of action of cam is defined as the angle a during which the follower returns to its. Jul 25, 2009 this is cam and roller follower, designed by me. Design of cam and follower system using basic and synthetic.

Cams can provide unusual and irregular motions that. A cam and follower mechanism is a profiled shape mounted on a shaft that causes a lever or follower to move. Cams can be classified according to their motion program. The analysis of cam follower mechanisms, however, is lesser known and not introduced in undergraduate textbooks, even though it is a practical tool. Cam mechanisms are used in many modern machines, including weaving looms, precision measurement instruments, automatic machine tools, automobile engines, and so on. The results show that the mechanism meets the engineering requirements and has the advantages of simple structure and high cutting precision. A cam is a mechanical member which impart desired motion to the follower by direct contact. Real life example key phrases our cam and follower by. They are used in wall clocks and the feed mechanism of automatic lathe machines. Operationally, it is categorized as a nonconformal contact where the imposed load acting on a relatively small contact area causes the pressure across the lubricant film to drastically increase to the extent that the elastic deformation in the contacting surfaces becomes significant. We assume that the situation in which the contact rising flank of cam. Cam follower slider acts similar to crankslider converting input rotation to output translation.

The geometry of the cam profile is based on the type of motion of the cam and the type of the follower. Cam and follower mechanism types and functions mechtics. These are eccentric cam followers with a onepiece stud that can be mounted in the same mounting holes as those for standard type cam followers. Then the rates of change of velocity during impact as. Apr 01, 2018 a cam follower forms higher pair as they have point contact at the junction. On the direct control of follower vibrations in camfollower. Only define start and stop position of the follower. Skf cam followers studtype track rollers are designed to run on all types of tracks and to be used in cam drives, conveyor systems, etc. Stoddart 1953 improved this method and proposed that vibration of the follower of polydyne cam will be close to zero as long as there is sufficient spring force to keep it in contact. Cam mechanism article about cam mechanism by the free. Optimization and a reliability analysis of a camroller follower mechanism 1. The scheme of camfollower me hafig 1 shows the scheme of a camfollower mechanism.

Build the mechanism cam follower automaton adafruit. Sara g, arissa l, serenidy m, salma r wms pltw period 3 types of cam and followers flat follower roller follower pointknife follower curved shoe follower. By rotating the cams in the figure below, the bars will have either translational or oscillatory motion. This is cam follower mechanism by anaartech on vimeo, the home for high quality videos and the people who love them. A project report on cam follower utility in internal. Find the acceleration of follower 4 using the equivalent linkage method.

The follower system includes all of the elements to which motion is imparted by the cam. We can say that the cam and followers are the most important part of the mechanisms. Automotive technology department, burdur mehmet akif ersoy university, burdur. This paper presents a simple method for the design and analysis of a cam mechanism with a negative radius roller follower.